主要用到的函数为stat(),如下:
#include <sys/stat.h>
int stat(const char *pathname, struct stat *buf);
int lstat(const char *pathname, struct stat *buf);
int fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
stat()可以解析指定路径下的文件,并把详细信息赋值在传入的参数buf中。
lstat()的功能与stat()几乎是一样的,只是在处理符号链接文件时stat()直接跳转并解析链接文件的原文件,而非链接文件本身;而lstat()则是解析链接文件本身。
fstat()的功能与stat()是一样的,只是要解析的文件是通过参数fd来指定的。
实现的代码如下,注释已经写得很明白了。
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 | #include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 struct stat sb;
 
 if (argc != 2) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <pathname>\n", argv[0]);
 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
 if (lstat(argv[1], &sb) == -1) {
 perror("stat");
 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
 printf("File type:                ");
 
 
 
 switch (sb.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 case S_IFBLK:  printf("block device\n");            break;
 case S_IFCHR:  printf("character device\n");        break;
 case S_IFDIR:  printf("directory\n");               break;
 case S_IFIFO:  printf("FIFO/pipe\n");               break;
 case S_IFREG:  printf("regular file\n");            break;
 case S_IFSOCK: printf("socket\n");                  break;
 
 case S_IFLNK:  printf("symlink\n");                 break;
 
 default:       printf("unknown?\n");                break;
 }
 
 printf("I-node number:            %ld\n", (long) sb.st_ino);
 
 printf("Mode:                     %lo (octal)\n", (unsigned long) sb.st_mode);
 
 printf("Link count:               %ld\n", (long) sb.st_nlink);
 printf("Ownership:                UID=%ld   GID=%ld\n",
 (long) sb.st_uid, (long) sb.st_gid);
 
 
 
 printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\n", (long) sb.st_blksize);
 
 printf("File size:                %lld bytes\n", (long long) sb.st_size);
 
 printf("Blocks allocated:         %lld\n", (long long) sb.st_blocks);
 
 
 printf("Last file access:         %s", ctime(&sb.st_atime));
 
 printf("Last file modification:   %s", ctime(&sb.st_mtime));
 
 printf("Last status change:       %s", ctime(&sb.st_ctime));
 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 | 
操作见下图:

验证uid、gid的分组,可以使用id命令:
